Imprinting of IgA responses in previously infected individuals receiving bivalent mRNA vaccines (WT and BA.4/BA.5 or WT and BA.1)

Imprinting of IgA responses in previously infected individuals receiving bivalent mRNA vaccines (WT and BA.4/BA.5 or WT and BA.1)

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107147

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107147

Yun Shan Goh, Siew‐Wai Fong, Pei Xiang Hor, Chiew Yee Loh, Matthew Zirui Tay, Bei Wang, Siti Nazihah Mohd Salleh, Eve Zi Xian Ngoh, Raphael Tze Chuen Lee, Xuan Ying Poh, I. Russel Lee, Suma Rao, Po Ying Chia, Sebastian Maurer-Stroh, Cheng-I Wang, Yee‐Sin Leo, David C. Lye, Barnaby Edward Young, Lisa F.P. Ng, Laurent Renia

SARS CoV-2, mRNa vaccine

28 June 2024

Goh, Y. S., Fong, S., Hor, P. X., Loh, C. Y., Tay, M. Z., Wang, B., Salleh, S. N. M., Ngoh, E. Z. X., Lee, R. T. C., Poh, X. Y., Lee, I. R., Rao, S., Chia, P. Y., Maurer-Stroh, S., Wang, C.-I., Leo, Y., Lye, D. C., Young, B. E., Ng, L. F. P., & Renia, L. (2024). Imprinting of IgA responses in previously infected individuals receiving bivalent mRNA vaccines (WT and BA.4/BA.5 or WT and BA.1). International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 146, 107147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107147

Objectives: The emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants has led to the development of Omicron-targeting bivalent mRNA vaccines. It is crucial to understand how bivalent vaccines may improve antibody re- sponses against new variants. Methods: A total of 107 participants, who had three COVID-19 WT mRNA vaccine doses, were recruited, and given either a monovalent (WT) or a bivalent mRNA vaccination (Pfizer/BioNTech Bivalent (WT and BA.4/BA.5) or Moderna Bivalent (WT and BA.1). Blood samples were taken before booster and at 28 days post-booster. Results: We found significantly lower fold change in serum binding IgA responses against BA.1, BA.5 and EG.5.1 spike in the bivalent booster group, compared with the monovalent (WT) booster group, following vaccination. However, this was only observed in individuals with prior infection. The relative fold change in serum binding IgA response was more skewed towards WT over variant (BA.1, BA.5 or EG.5.1) spike in previously infected bivalent-booster-vaccinees, as compared with previously infected monovalent-(WT)- booster-vaccinees. Conclusion: The findings suggest imprinting of antibody responses that is shaped by the first vaccination (WT spike). Previous infection also affects the boosting effect of follow-up vaccination. Studies are needed to understand how to induce a robust and long-lasting IgA immunity for protection against COVID-19 infection.

Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

This research / project is supported by the ASTAR Biomedical Research Council (BMRC) , A∗CRUSE (Vaccine monitoring project), A∗ccelerate GAP-funded project - NA
Grant Reference no. : ACCL/19-GAP064-R20H-H

This research / project is supported by the Singapore National Medical Research Council COVID-19 Research Fund - NA
Grant Reference no. : COVID19RF-001 ; COVID19RF-0011 ; COVID19RF-0018 ; COVID19RF- 060 ; OFLCG19May-0034 ),

This research / project is supported by the US Food and Drug Administration - NA
Grant Reference no. : 75F40120C0 0 085

This research / project is supported by the A∗STAR COVID-19 Research funding - NA
Grant Reference no. : H/20/04/g1/006

This research / project is supported by the A∗STAR Career Development Fund - NA
Grant Reference no. : SC35/22- 805100

This research / project is supported by the Temasek Foundation Infectious Diseases Programme for Surveillance and Diseases X Resilience.”and A∗STAR Industry Alignment Fund—Pre-positioning Programme - NA
Grant Reference no. : H22J1a0050

This research / project is supported by the Start-up University Grant from Ministry of Health - NA
Grant Reference no. : 022388-0 0 0 01

© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of International Society for Infectious Diseases. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

https://oar.a-star.edu.sg/communities-collections/articles/22205

1201-9712

Bioinformatics Institute