Tolomeo, S., Koh, S., & Esposito, G. (2025). Prejudice Formation in Childhood: How Parental Bonding Can Affect Social Dominance Orientation. Brain Sciences, 15(11), 1147. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci15111147
Abstract:
Background: How individuals develop and form perspectives of those around them differs from person to person. Factors such as childhood parental bonding styles can affect how prejudice forms. Social dominance in adulthood may also be affected by childhood experiences through the bonding received. Not many studies examine how an individual’s Social Dominance Orientationcan be influenced by parental bonding styles in childhood. Furthermore, few studies that investigated neural correlates are associated with these two variables. As such, this study aims to establish how parental bonding in childhood affects brain regions that are also implicated in adult SDO. Methods: Ninety-one participants were recruited and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Social Dominance Orientation (SDO) and Parental Bonding Index (PBI) were collected. We used DARTEL package in SPM12 to conduct a whole-brain analysis. The ROI analyses were focused on amygdala grey matter volume (GMV). Results: This study identified a strong correlation between PBI and SDO. Interestingly, PBICare and PBIProtection scores significantly predicted SDO scores. SDO was positively associated with amygdala GMV, PBICare was negatively associated with amygdala GMV, and PBIProtection was positively associated with amygdala GMV. Conclusions: Our results show that PBI and SDO are highly correlated as well as their association with the amygdala and other key regions of the brain.
License type:
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Funding Info:
This research / project is supported by the Ministry of Education - Academic Research Fund Tier 1
Grant Reference no. : RT10/19 and RG55/18