Lai, J. S., Godfrey, K. M., Ong, C. N., Tan, K. H., Yap, F., Chong, Y. S., Chan, J. K. Y., Chan, S.-Y., & Chong, M. F.-F. (2023). Perinatal Plasma Carotenoids and Vitamin E Concentrations with Glycemia and Insulin Resistance in Women during and after Pregnancy. Nutrients, 15(20), 4421. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204421
Abstract:
We examined the associations of perinatal plasma carotenoids and E vitamers concentrations with glycemia, insulin resistance, and gestational and type 2 diabetes mellitus during pregnancy and post-pregnancy in GUSTO women. Plasma carotenoid and E vitamer concentrations were measured at delivery, and principal component analysis was used to derive the patterns of their concentrations. Fasting and 2 h glucose levels and fasting insulin were measured at 26–28 weeks gestation and 4–6 years post-pregnancy, with the derivation of homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). In 678 women, two carotenoid patterns (CP1: α- and β-carotene and lutein; CP2: zeaxanthin, lycopene, and β-cryptoxanthin) and one E vitamer pattern (VE: γ-, δ-, and α-tocopherols) were derived. A higher CP1 score (1-SD) was associated with lower gestational fasting glucose (β (95%CI): −0.06 (−0.10, −0.02) mmol/L) and lower gestational (−0.17 (−0.82, 0.01) mmol/L, p = 0.06) and post-pregnancy HOMA-IR (−0.11 (−0.15, −0.08) mmol/L). A higher VE score (1 SD) was associated with higher gestational and post-pregnancy fasting and 2 h glucose (gestational: 0.05 (0.01, 0.08) and 0.08 (0.01, 0.16); post-pregnancy: 0.19 (0.07, 0.31) and 0.24 (0.06, 0.42) mmol/L). Higher α- and β-carotene and lutein may be beneficial for gestational fasting glycemia, but higher vitamin E may increase gestational and post-pregnancy glycemia, although these findings require confirmation in cohorts with prospective longitudinal measurements of these vitamins.
License type:
Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Funding Info:
This research / project is supported by the MOH National Medical Research Council - Translational and Clinical Research (TCR) Flagship Programme
Grant Reference no. : NMRC/TCR/004-NUS/2008; NMRC/TCR/012-NUHS/2014
Additional funding is provided by the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, A*STAR, Ministry of Education’s Academic Research Fund Tier 1, and the 2018 BASF Nutrition Asia Research Grant.