Wu, T. Y., & Kenbar, A. (2021). Investigation of measurement uncertainties in LNG density and energy for custody transfer. Measurement Science and Technology, 32(4), 045005. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/abdcdf
Abstract:
Abstract
In the custody transfer of fuels such as liquefied natural gas (LNG), energy measurement accuracy is critical. The important elements in calculating transferred energy are the volume, the density and the superior calorific value (SCV). In this paper we have used a new approach to carefully study the various uncertainty factors contributing to two of these elements: the density and the SCV. For density, six methods were evaluated, namely the method of extended corresponding states, the Hiza method, the revised Klosek–McKinley method, the Groupe Européen de Recherche Gazière (GERG-2004) method, the GERG-2008 method, and the equation of state–LNG method, to estimate the modelling error in the density calculation. Other factors affecting LNG density estimation (LNG composition, reference densimeter, temperature and pressure) have also been investigated to derive the total uncertainty in LNG density estimation. For the SCV, the uncertainty has been analysed with consideration given to uncertainties in the composition and the SCV of LNG components. The expanded uncertainty in LNG energy during custody transfer is estimated to be 0.58% (k = 2) after considering the uncertainties due to the membrane-type tank’s unloaded LNG volume, SCV, density and their correlation effect.
License type:
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Funding Info:
There was no specific funding for the research done
Description:
This is the Accepted Manuscript version of an article accepted for publication in Measurement Science and Technology. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6501/abdcdf