Longitudinal characterization of determinants associated with obesogenic growth patterns in early childhood

Longitudinal characterization of determinants associated with obesogenic growth patterns in early childhood

International Journal of Epidemiology

10.1093/ije/dyac177

http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyac177

Navin Michael, Varsha Gupta, Anna Fogel, Jonathan Huang, Li Chen, Suresh Anand Sadananthan, Yi Ying Ong, Izzuddin M Aris, Wei Wei Pang, Wen Lun Yuan, See Ling Loy, Mya Thway Tint, Kok Hian Tan, Jerry KY Chan, Shiao-Yng Chan, Lynette Pei-chi Shek, Fabian Yap, Keith Godfrey, Yap Seng Chong, Peter Gluckman, S Sendhil Velan, Ciarán G Forde, Yung Seng Lee, Johan G Eriksson, Neerja Karnani

General Medicine, epidemiology

10 September 2022

Michael, N., Gupta, V., Fogel, A., Huang, J., Chen, L., Sadananthan, S. A., Ong, Y. Y., Aris, I. M., Pang, W. W., Yuan, W. L., Loy, S. L., Thway Tint, M., Tan, K. H., Chan, J. K., Chan, S.-Y., Shek, L. P.-C., Yap, F., Godfrey, K., Chong, Y. S., … Karnani, N. (2022). Longitudinal characterization of determinants associated with obesogenic growth patterns in early childhood. International Journal of Epidemiology, 52(2), 426–439. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyac177

Abstract Background Longitudinal assessment of the determinants of obesogenic growth trajectories in childhood can suggest appropriate developmental windows for intervention. Methods Latent class growth mixture modelling was used to identify body mass index (BMI) z-score trajectories from birth to age 6 years in 994 children from a prospective mother–offspring cohort (Chinese, Indian and Malay ethnicities) based in Singapore. We evaluated the early-life determinants of the trajectories as well as their associations with cardiometabolic risk markers at age 6 years. Results Five BMI z-score trajectory patterns were identified, three within the healthy weight range, alongside early-acceleration and late-acceleration obesogenic trajectories. The early-acceleration pattern was characterized by elevated fetal abdominal circumference growth velocity, BMI acceleration immediately after birth and crossing of the obesity threshold by age 2 years. The late-acceleration pattern had normal fetal growth and BMI acceleration after infancy, and approached the obesity threshold by age 6 years. Abdominal fat, liver fat, insulin resistance and odds of pre-hypertension/hypertension were elevated in both groups. Indian ethnicity, high pre-pregnancy BMI, high polygenic risk scores for obesity and shorter breastfeeding duration were common risk factors for both groups. Malay ethnicity and low maternal educational attainment were uniquely associated with early BMI acceleration, whereas nulliparity and obesogenic eating behaviours in early childhood were uniquely associated with late BMI acceleration. Conclusion BMI acceleration starting immediately after birth or after infancy were both linked to early cardiometabolic alterations. The determinants of these trajectories may be useful for developing early risk stratification and intervention approaches to counteract metabolic adversities linked to childhood obesity.

Publisher Copyright

This research / project is supported by the National Medical Research Council (NMRC) - Translational and Clinical Research (TCR) Flagship Program
Grant Reference no. : NMRC/TCR/004-NUS/2008

This research / project is supported by the National Medical Research Council (NMRC) - Translational and Clinical Research (TCR) Flagship Program
Grant Reference no. : NMRC/TCR/ 012-NUHS/2014

This research / project is supported by the National Medical Research Council (NMRC) - Open Fund - Large Collaborative Grant
Grant Reference no. : OFLCG19May-0033

NK is supported by A*STAR -National Health and Medical Research Council, Australia (NHMRC) joint call funding.

K.M.G. is supported by the UK Medical Research Council (UK MRC) , National Institute for Health Research, European Union, British Heart Foundation and US National Institutes of Health’s National Institute On Aging.

This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in International Journal of Epidemiology following peer review. The version of record Michael, N., Gupta, V., Fogel, A., Huang, J., Chen, L., Sadananthan, S. A., Ong, Y. Y., Aris, I. M., Pang, W. W., Yuan, W. L., Loy, S. L., Thway Tint, M., Tan, K. H., Chan, J. K., Chan, S.-Y., Shek, L. P.-C., Yap, F., Godfrey, K., Chong, Y. S., … Karnani, N. (2022). Longitudinal characterization of determinants associated with obesogenic growth patterns in early childhood. International Journal of Epidemiology, 52(2), 426–439. https://doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyac177 is available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ije/dyac177

https://oar.a-star.edu.sg/communities-collections/articles/19127

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