Kalimeri, M.; Leek, F.; Wang, N.X.; Koh, H.R.; Roy, N.C.; Cameron-Smith, D.; Kruger, M.C.; Henry, C.J.; Totman, J.J. Association of Insulin Resistance with Bone Strength and Bone Turnover in Menopausal Chinese-Singaporean Women without Diabetes. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15, 889.
Abstract:
Insulin resistance (IR) is accompanied by increased areal or volumetric bone mineral density (aBMD or vBMD), but also higher fracture risk. Meanwhile, imbalances in bone health biomarkers affect insulin production. This study investigates the effect of IR on proximal femur and lumbar spine BMD, femoral neck bending, compressive and impact strength indices (Composite Strength Indices) and circulating levels of parathyroid hormone (PTH), C-telopeptide of Type I collagen (CTx-1) and 25(OH) Vitamin D3, in a cohort of 97 healthy, non-obese, menopausal Chinese-Singaporean women. Lumbar spine aBMD was inversely associated with IR and dependent on lean body mass (LBM) and age. No such associations were found for vBMD of the third lumbar vertebra, aBMD and vBMD of the proximal femur, or circulating levels of PTH, CTx-1 and 25(OH) Vitamin D3. Composite Strength Indices were inversely associated with IR and independent of LBM, but after adjusting for fat mass and age, this association remained valid only for the impact strength index. Composite Strength Indices were significantly lower in participants with a high degree of IR. Our findings on IR and Composite Strength Indices relationships were in agreement with previous studies on different cohorts, but those on IR and BMD associations were not.
License type:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Funding Info:
This study is funded by the following sources: Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore; Singapore-New Zealand Foods for Health Grant (BMRC grant 14/1/16/24/008), Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment, New Zealand; Singapore-New Zealand Foods for Health Grant (MAUX1309), NMRC NUHS Centre Grant; Medical Image Analysis Core (NMRC/CG/013/2013).