Effect of Maternal Glycemia on Neonatal Adiposity in a Multiethnic Asian Birth Cohort

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Effect of Maternal Glycemia on Neonatal Adiposity in a Multiethnic Asian Birth Cohort
Title:
Effect of Maternal Glycemia on Neonatal Adiposity in a Multiethnic Asian Birth Cohort
Journal Title:
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
Keywords:
Publication Date:
01 January 2014
Citation:
Abstract:
CONTEXT: Gestational hyperglycemia increases the risk of obesity and diabetes in offspring later in life. OBJECTIVE: We examined the relationship between gestational glycemia and neonatal adiposity in a multiethnic cohort of Singaporean neonates. DESIGN: A prospective mother-offspring cohort study recruited 1247 pregnant mothers (57.2% Chinese, 25.5% Malay, 17.3% Indian) and performed 75-g, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance tests at 26-28 weeks' gestation; glucose levels were available for 1081 participants. Neonatal anthropometry (birth weight, length, triceps, and subscapular skinfolds) was measured, and percentage body fat (%BF) was derived using our published equation. Associations of maternal glucose with excessive neonatal adiposity [large for gestational age; %BF; and sum of skinfolds (∑SFT)>90th centile] were assessed using multiple logistic regression analyses. RESULTS: Adjusting for potential confounders we observed strong positive continuous associations across the range of maternal fasting and 2-hour glucose in relation to excessive neonatal adiposity; each 1 SD increase in fasting glucose was associated with 1.31 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.10-1.55], 1.72 (95% CI 1.31-2.27) and 1.64 (95% CI 1.32-2.03) increases in odds ratios for large for gestational age and %BF and ∑SFT greater than the 90th centile, respectively. Corresponding odds ratios for 2-hour glucose were 1.11 (95% CI 0.92-1.33), 1.55 (95% CI 1.10-2.20), and 1.40 (95% CI 1.10-1.79), respectively. The influence of high maternal fasting glucose on neonatal ∑SFT was less pronounced in Indians compared with Chinese (interaction P=.005). CONCLUSIONS: A continuous relationship between maternal glycemia and excessive neonatal adiposity extends across the range of maternal glycemia. Compared with Chinese infants, Indian infants may be less susceptible to excessive adiposity from high maternal glucose levels.
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PublisherCopyrights
Funding Info:
This study is under the Translational Clinical Research Flagship Programme on Developmental Pathways to Metabolic Disease, Grant NMRC/TCR/004-NUS/2008, funded by the National Research Foundation and administered by the National Medical Research Council, Singapore. K.M.G. is supported by the National Institute for Health Research through the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre.
Description:
The full paper is available for free download at the publisher's URL: https://doi.org/10.1210/jc.2013-2738
ISSN:
0021-972X
1945-7197
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