Premature aging syndromes: From patients to mechanism

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Premature aging syndromes: From patients to mechanism
Title:
Premature aging syndromes: From patients to mechanism
Journal Title:
Journal of Dermatological Science
Publication Date:
22 October 2019
Citation:
Premature aging syndromes: From patients to mechanism Foo, Mattheus Xing Rong et al. Journal of Dermatological Science, Volume 96, Issue 2, 58 - 65
Abstract:
Aging is an inevitable consequence of human life resulting in a gradual deterioration of cell, tissue and organismal function and an increased risk to develop chronic ailments. Premature aging syndromes, also known as progeroid syndromes, recapitulate many clinical features of normal aging and offer a unique opportunity to elucidate fundamental mechanisms that contribute to human aging. Progeroid syndromes can be broadly classified into those caused by perturbations of the nuclear lamina, a meshwork of proteins located underneath the inner nuclear membrane (laminopathies); and a second group that is caused by mutations that directly impair DNA replication and repair. We will focus mainly on laminopathies caused by incorrect processing of lamin A, an intermediate filament protein that resides at the nuclear periphery. Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria (HGPS) is an accelerated aging syndrome caused by a mutation in lamin A and one of the best studied laminopathies. HGPS patients exhibit clinical characteristics of premature aging, including alopecia, aberrant pigmentation, loss of subcutaneous fat and die in their teens as a result of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular complications. Here we summarize how cell- and mouse-based disease models provided mechanistic insights into human aging and discuss experimental strategies under consideration for the treatment of these rare genetic disorders.
License type:
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Funding Info:
A*STAR Biomedical Research Council
Description:
ISSN:
0923-1811
1873-569X
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