Zero-Knowledge Elementary Databases with More Expressive Queries

Zero-Knowledge Elementary Databases with More Expressive Queries

IACR International Workshop on Public Key Cryptography

10.1007/978-3-030-17253-4_9

https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17253-4_9

Benoit Libert, Khoa Nguyen, Benjamin Hong Meng Tan, Huaxiong Wang

zero-knowledge databases

06 April 2019

Libert B., Nguyen K., Tan B.H.M., Wang H. (2019) Zero-Knowledge Elementary Databases with More Expressive Queries. In: Lin D., Sako K. (eds) Public-Key Cryptography – PKC 2019. PKC 2019. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11442. Springer, Cham

Zero-knowledge elementary databases (ZK-EDBs) are cryptographic schemes that allow a prover to commit to a set 𝖣 of key-value pairs so as to be able to prove statements such as “x belongs to the support of 𝖣 and 𝖣(𝑥)=𝑦” or “x is not in the support of 𝖣”. Importantly, proofs should leak no information beyond the proven statement and even the size of 𝖣 should remain private. Chase et al. (Eurocrypt’05) showed that ZK-EDBs are implied by a special flavor of non-interactive commitment, called mercurial commitment, which enables efficient instantiations based on standard number theoretic assumptions. On the other hand, the resulting ZK-EDBs are only known to support proofs for simple statements like (non-)membership and value assignments. In this paper, we show that mercurial commitments actually enable significantly richer queries. We show that, modulo an additional security property met by all known efficient constructions, they actually enable range queries over keys and values – even for ranges of super-polynomial size – as well as membership/non-membership queries over the space of values. Beyond that, we exploit the range queries to realize richer queries such as 𝑘-nearest neighbors and revealing the 𝑘 smallest or largest records within a given range. In addition, we provide a new realization of trapdoor mercurial commitment from standard lattice assumptions, thus obtaining the most expressive quantum-safe ZK-EDB construction so far.

PublisherCopyrights

Singapore Ministry of Education under Research Grant MOE2016-T2-2-014(S); BPI-France RISQ (P141580); EU Horizon 2020 Project PROMETHEUS; Gopalakrishnan – NTU Presidential Post-doctoral Fellowship 2018;National Research Foundation, Prime Minister’s Office, Singapore - Strategic Capability Research Centres Funding Initiative

https://oar.a-star.edu.sg/communities-collections/articles/14389

978-3-030-17252-7
978-3-030-17253-4

Institute for Infocomm Research