Systematic Identification of Factors for Provirus Silencing in Embryonic Stem Cells

Systematic Identification of Factors for Provirus Silencing in Embryonic Stem Cells

Cell

10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.037

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.037

Bin Xia Yang, Chadi A. EL Farran, Hong Chao Guo, Tao Yu, Hai Tong Fang, Hao Fei Wang, Sharon Schlesinger, Yu Fen Samantha Seah, Germaine Yen Lin Goh, Suat Peng Neo, Yinghui Li, Matthew C. Lorincz, Vinay Tergaonkar, Tit-Meng Lim, Lingyi Chen, Jayantha Gunaratne, James J. Collins, Stephen P. Goff, George Q. Daley, Hu Li, Frederic A. Bard, Yuin-Han Loh

10 September 2015

Bin Xia Yang, Chadi A. EL Farran, Hong Chao Guo, Tao Yu, Hai Tong Fang, Hao Fei Wang, Sharon Schlesinger, Yu Fen Samantha Seah, Germaine Yen Lin Goh, Suat Peng Neo, Yinghui Li, Matthew C. Lorincz, Vinay Tergaonkar, Tit-Meng Lim, Lingyi Chen, Jayantha Gunaratne, James J. Collins, Stephen P. Goff, George Q. Daley, Hu Li, Frederic A. Bard, Yuin-Han Loh, Systematic Identification of Factors for Provirus Silencing in Embryonic Stem Cells, Cell, Volume 163, Issue 1, 24 September 2015, Pages 230-245, ISSN 0092-8674, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2015.08.037.

Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) repress the expression of exogenous proviruses and endogenous retroviruses (ERVs). Here, we systematically dissected the cellular factors involved in provirus repression in embryonic carcinomas (ECs) and ESCs by a genome-wide siRNA screen. Histone chaperones (Chaf1a/b), sumoylation factors (Sumo2/Ube2i/Sae1/Uba2/Senp6), and chromatin modifiers (Trim28/Eset/Atf7ip) are key determinants that establish provirus silencing. RNA-seq analysis uncovered the roles of Chaf1a/b and sumoylation modifiers in the repression of ERVs. ChIP-seq analysis demonstrates direct recruitment of Chaf1a and Sumo2 to ERVs. Chaf1a reinforces transcriptional repression via its interaction with members of the NuRD complex (Kdm1a, Hdac1/2) and Eset, while Sumo2 orchestrates the provirus repressive function of the canonical Zfp809/Trim28/Eset machinery by sumoylation of Trim28. Our study reports a genome-wide atlas of functional nodes that mediate proviral silencing in ESCs and illuminates the comprehensive, interconnected, and multi-layered genetic and epigenetic mechanisms by which ESCs repress retroviruses within the genome.

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https://oar.a-star.edu.sg/communities-collections/articles/13406

0092-8674
1097-4172

Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology